Astivya RAS notes

POULTRY FARMING (SILVER REVOLUTION) IN INDIA practice of raising poultry, such as chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, as a subcategory of animal husbandry, for the purpose of farming meat or eggs for food. requires small capital and provides additional income and job opportunities to a large number of rural population in the shortest possible time. The … Read more

SERICULTURE IN INDIA Production Silkworm larvae are fed on mulberry leaves and after the fourth molt, they climb a twig placed near them and spin their silken cocoons. The silk is a continuous-filament fibre consisting of fibroin protein, secreted from two salivary glands in the head of each larva, and a gum called sericin, which … Read more

SECOND GREEN REVOLUTION The main objectives of the second Green Revolution are: (i) To raise agricultural productivity to promote food security (ii) More emphasis on bio-technology (iii) To promote sustainable agriculture (iv) To become self-sufficient in staple food, pulses, oil seeds, and industrial raw material (v) To increase the per capita income of the farmers … Read more

AQUA CULTURE the cultivation of aquatic organisms. aquaculture, also known as aquafarming, implies the cultivation of aquatic populations under controlled conditions. Mariculture refers to aquaculture practiced in marine environments. Particular kinds of aquaculture include agriculture (the production of kelp, seaweed, and other algae), fish farming, shrimp farming, shellfish farming, and growing of cultured pearls. Growth … Read more

WHITE REVOLUTION IN INDIA   The package programme adopted to increase the production of milk is known as White Revolution in India. The White Revolution in India occurred in 1970, when the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) was established to organize the dairy development through the co-operative societies. Varghese Kuerin was the father of White … Read more

Green Revolution in India A term coined to describe the emergence and diffusion of new seeds of cereals. Norman-e-Borlaug is the Father of Green Revolution in the world, while Dr. M.S. Swami Nathan is known as the Father of Green Revolution in India. The new cereals were the product of research work and concentrated plant … Read more

CHARACTERISTICS AND PROBLEMS OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE Subsistent in Character Heavy Pressure of Population Predominance of Food Grains Mixed Cropping High Percentage of the Reporting Area under Cultivation Small Size of Holdings and Fragmentation of Fields Limited Intensive Agriculture Primitive Technology Indian Agriculture is Labour Intensive Rain-fed Agriculture Less Area under Leguminous and Fodder Crops Tradition … Read more

Institutional Factors of Agriculture (1) Land Tenure and Land Tenancy (ii) Land Holding LAND REFORMS IN INDIA The basic objective of land reform is to do social justice with the tillers, land owners, landless labourers, and rural community with the set objective to provide security to the cultivators, to fix a rational rent, the conferment … Read more

Physical Factors: (a) Terrain, Topography, and Altitude dependent on the geo-ecological conditions; terrain, topography, slope and altitude. paddy cultivation requires leveled fields, tea plantations perform well in the undulating topography in which water does not remain standing. Orchards of coconut are found at low altitudes, preferably closer to the sea level, while the apple orchards … Read more