The average size of land holding in the State is 1.12 hectares as against all India average of 1.16 hectares. The share of small and marginal landholdings constitute about 86% of total landholdings, while their share in total area is around 55 per cent. About 14% of total landholdings in the state were medium, ranging between 2 hectares to 10 hectares, whereas their share in total area was 40.5 per cent.
Telangana is a Semi-arid zone area with an annual rainfall between 900 to 1500 mm in Northern Telangana and 700 to 900 mm in Southern Telangana, 80%of which are from South-West monsoon. The state has four Agro-Climatic Zones (ACZs). Well irrigation as the main source of irrigation contributes to 82% of the net irrigated area and the share of canal and tank irrigation is 10% and 4% respectively. The State has been witnessing high climate variability across all ACZs.
and the Deccan Plateau up to Bay of Bengal. However most of the flows occur only in 3 to 4 months of South West monsoon i.e., June to September. Telangana is a riverine state with major, medium and minor rivers. Of these two are major interstate rivers i.e., Godavari and Krishna flow through the heart of the state. Total water allocated to Projects in Telangana in Krishna basin is 299 TMC and Godavari basin is 954.23 TMC. Apart from the 2 major rivers, there are other 9 Nos. of small rivers such as Bhima, Dindi, Kinnerasani, Manjeera, Manair, Penganga, Pranahita, Peddavagu and Taliperu
Increase in population has put pressure on land, leading to fragmentation of holdings. The share of small and marginal land holdings in total holdings was 86 per cent while their share in total area was only 55 per cent in 2010-11. More than 60 per cent of holdings were marginal in Nizamabad, Karimnagar, Medak, Khammam and Warangal districts.
| Districts | Marginal | Small | Semi-Medium | Medium | Large |
| ADILABAD | 38320 | 44643 | 31113 | 7611 | 535 |
| BHADRADRI | 75738 | 32202 | 19815 | 4750 | 573 |
| HYDERABAD | |||||
| JAGTIAL | 122152 | 33610 | 14069 | 4141 | 305 |
| JANGAON | 90994 | 35348 | 15975 | 5459 | 406 |
| JAYASHANKAR | 121526 | 38719 | 15624 | 3353 | 330 |
| JOGULAMBA | 76414 | 39038 | 20267 | 6026 | 620 |
| KAMAREDDY | 156771 | 55496 | 17783 | 3432 | 230 |
| KARIMNAGAR | 104917 | 34191 | 12359 | 3045 | 219 |
| KHAMMAM | 173692 | 58241 | 26821 | 8381 | 527 |
| KOMARAM BHEEM | 37374 | 28260 | 24321 | 6819 | 589 |
| MAHABUBABAD | 89181 | 31077 | 13562 | 4937 | 860 |
| MAHABUBNAGAR | 180328 | 77611 | 38264 | 11618 | 1263 |
| MANCHERIAL | 92733 | 30723 | 16756 | 4654 | 581 |
| MEDAK | 166161 | 39441 | 10549 | 2151 | 232 |
| MEDCHAL | 19352 | 5239 | 2717 | 980 | 123 |
| NAGARKURNOOL | 142416 | 67658 | 33672 | 8563 | 841 |
| NALGONDA | 210618 | 96135 | 47503 | 14159 | 1185 |
| NIRMAL | 90750 | 40308 | 18575 | 4905 | 425 |
| NIZAMABAD | 162040 | 56510 | 16438 | 2857 | 204 |
| PEDDAPALLI | 88992 | 27047 | 10175 | 2063 | 144 |
| RAJANNA | 63243 | 24497 | 9235 | 2117 | 211 |
| RANGAREDDY | 146188 | 57317 | 28672 | 9788 | 1123 |
| SANGAREDDY | 164187 | 66954 | 28638 | 9524 | 1176 |
| SIDDIPET | 174436 | 60486 | 21161 | 5871 | 562 |
| SURYAPET | 136797 | 50579 | 23145 | 6577 | 487 |
| VIKARABAD | 118473 | 59028 | 26578 | 6869 | 675 |
| WANAPARTHY | 85944 | 31474 | 15557 | 4002 | 350 |
| WARANGAL (R) | 138108 | 35510 | 12035 | 3027 | 210 |
| WARANGAL (U) | 60877 | 18758 | 7201 | 1731 | 164 |
| YADADRI | 91480 | 42290 | 19565 | 5717 | 497 |
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