History

The SS Komagata Maru was a chartered ship featured in a dramatic challenge to Canada’s former practice of excluding immigrants from India. This challenge took place in the spring and summer of 1914, on the eve of the First World War.  This challenge took place in the spring and summer of 1914, on the eve … Read more

After the defeat of Russia, the only remaining enemy of France was England. However, it was not easy for the French fleet and troops to defeat England. As England was surrounded by sea and possessed an invincible fleet. It was well known to Napoleon that England existed on the continental trade and commerce. England can … Read more

It was not just the fact that they built magnificent temples or made exquisite idols, the Cholas also came up with an excellent system of governance and administration.  While it was a monarchy, like most other kingdoms of that era, there was a serious attempt to decentralize, and provide self government right at the local … Read more

Cabinet Mission which arrived on 24th March 1946 was mainly aimed at devolution of power from the British crown to India giving India independence under Dominion Status in the Commonwealth of Nations. On 28th January 1946, the Viceroy, announced in the legislative Assembly, his intention to establish a new executive council with political leaders and … Read more

Carbonari, a secret society was formed by people to liberate Italy from clutches of foreigners.  Rulers of Naples and Piedmont also encouraged liberal tendencies. But these efforts were curbed  by Metternich. French revolutions of 1830 and 1848 sparked feelings of liberation, but the smaller states  couldn’t coordinate and Austria again suppressed movements and movement was … Read more

. Jyotiba Phule (1827-1890), born in Satara, Maharashtra, belonged to the mali (gardener) community and organised a powerful movement against upper caste domination and brahminical supremacy. Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj (Truth Seekers’ Society) in 1873, with the leadership of the samaj coming from the backward classes, malis, telis, kunbis, saris and dhangars. The main … Read more

Permanent Settlement The Permanent Settlement or Zamindari Sysem was introduced by Lord Corniwallis in 1793. In Bengal, North Cauvery Delta in Madras Presidency and Varanasi division. It covered altogether 19% of the total cultivable land under company rule. Terms and Conditions of the System Zamindars were recognized as owner of the lands. Zamindars were given the … Read more

Popularly known as the “Grand Old Man of India”, DadabhaiNaoroji was born in Bombay on 4September 1825 in a Parsi family with a prominent lineage of Zoroastrian priests. The youngNaoroji was therefore brought up to take on his father’s profession of conducting rites andrituals for the Parsi community. However, destiny ordained otherwise.Dadabhainaoroji was a Parsi … Read more

.  In March 1931, a special session of the Congress was held at Karachi to endorse the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. Six days before the session (which was held on March 29) Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were executed. Throughout Gandhi’s route to Karachi, he was greeted with black flag demonstrations by the Punjab Naujawan Bharat Sabha, … Read more